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Oscillators:  Square Wave
Oscillator Circuits -- Main Page

Last Updated on: Sunday, October 25, 2009 05:17 AM


Circuits Designed by Dave Johnson, P.E. :
  • 200MHz400MHz VOLTAGE CONTROLLED OSCILLATOR
    If you need a clean emitter coupled logic (ECL) type signal between 200MHz and 400MHz this circuit works fine. It uses four voltage-controlled capacitors to change the frequency.
  • CMOS INVERTER 125KHz LC OSCILLATOR
    This circuit uses a single CMOS inverter to form a series resonant LD oscillator.   The values shown set the oscillation at about 125KHz but other frequencies are possible by changing the main LC values.
  • CMOS INVERTER PARALLEL LC OSCILLATOR
    I have used this parallel resonant LC oscillator circuit countless times.  The oscillator frequency is determined by the inductor and capacitor values.  I have shown an adjustable inductor to make it easy to set the frequency to a specific value.  Once set the frequency is fairly stable over supply voltage variations and temperature changes.  The values shown are for 125KHz but the frequency can range from tens of kilohertz to tens of megahertz.   With a 74HCU04 type inverter, it will oscillate down to about 1.5 volts.  If the frequency is low, you can also use a 74C04 (CD4069) inverter.
  • CMOS SCHMITT TRIGGER IC MAKES VCO
    By changing the supply voltage fed to a classic 4584 Schmitt trigger type oscillator, the oscillator frequency can be changed over a range of 50:1.  A 74HCU04 inverter is used at the output of the 4584 to maintain a constant TTL logic level signal.
  • D-FLIP/FLOP OSCILLATORS
    Yes you can turn flip/flop ICs into low current oscillators. This schematic shows you how.
  • MICROPOWER C-MOS OSCILLATOR, DRAWS ONLY 0.5uA
    If truly low power oscillators interest you, this circuit draws a mere 2 microwatts (500nA) from a 6v battery. It uses a very inexpensive C-MOS IC to produce a frequency of 2Hz. However, by changing the component values you can push it to 300Hz. The circuit draws much less current than traditional C-MOS oscillators using a Schmitt trigger inverter. It also produces fast leading edges. However, if you need more drive current, a C-MOS buffer should be included.
    Published in EDN, September 2, 1993.
  • PRECISION ULTRA LOWER POWER OSCILLATOR
    This circuit works much like the classic 555 timer, but draws only about 1.5 microamps from a 3 volt battery. It is highly stable under varying temperature and supply voltages.
  • VERY LOW POWER GATED CRYSTAL OSCILLATOR
    The circuit gates the output of a continuously operating 32KHz crystal oscillator to the input of a C-MOS buffer when clock pulses are needed. The technique gets around the problem of a slow starting crystal oscillator by keeping the oscillator going and switching on a transistor power stage only as needed. The method keeps the standby power consumption to a very low 1uA when used with a 3v supply.

Links to electronic circuits, electronic schematics, designs for engineers, hobbyists, students & inventors:

΅C squares input signal - 12/19/96 EDN-Design Ideas: Converting a random-width pulse to a signal with the same frequency but with a 50% duty cycle isn't easy, especially when the specified frequency range is large….....(design idea added 7/06)

200MHz-400MHz Voltage Controlled Oscillator (VCO) - If you need a clean emitter coupled logic (ECL) type signal between 200MHz and 400MHz this circuit works fine. It uses four voltage-controlled capacitors to change the frequency. ….(designed by David A. Johnson)

AF Generator - My generator can produce sine- and squarewaves with frequencies between 1 Hz and 100 kHz and amplitudes ranging from zero to 1.55 Veff in 600 Ohms. Sinewave distortion is 0.1% or less between 20 Hz and 20 kHz, somewhat greater outside this region. The output voltage …(electroninc design added 04/05/06)

An OscillatorSawtooth & Square Wave Output - SimpleSingle Supply and Works Very well with Minimum Parts Count....(circuit design added 12/08)

CMOS Iinverter Parallel LC Oscillator - I have used this parallel resonant LC oscillator circuit countless times.  The oscillator frequency is determined by the inductor and capacitor values.  I have shown an adjustable inductor to make it easy to set the frequency to a specific value.  Once set the frequency is fairly stable over supply voltage variations and temperature changes.  The values shown are for 125KHz but the frequency can range from tens of kilohertz to tens of megahertz.   With a 74HCU04 type inverter, it will oscillate down to about 1.5 volts.  If the frequency is low, you can also use a 74C04 (CD4069) inverter. ….(designed by David A. Johnson)

CMOS Inverter 125kHz LC Oscillator - This circuit uses a single CMOS inverter to form a series resonant LD oscillator.   The values shown set the oscillation at about 125KHz buth other frequencies are possible by changing the main LC values. ….(designed by David A. Johnson)

CMOS Inverters Form 125kHz Oscillator - This circuit is similar to schematic CMOS INVERTER 125KHz LC OSCILLATOR but inverts the LC components so the inductor is grounded.  Two inverters are needed to produce the needed oscillation.  Again, the values shown set the frequency at 125KHz but can be changed to produce other frequencies. ….(designed by David A. Johnson)

CMOS Nand Gate Forms Gated 125kHz Oscillator - This circuit is similar to schematic number 116 but uses a NAND gate as an inverter.  The gate allows the oscillator to be gated on and off.  Again, the values shown set the frequency at 125KHz but can be changed to produce other frequencies. ….(designed by David A. Johnson)

CMOS Schmitt Trigger IC Makes VCO - By changing the supply voltage fed to a classic 4584 Schmitt trigger type oscillator, the oscillator frequency can be changed over a range of 50:1.  A 74HCU04 inverter is used at the output of the 4584 to maintain a constant TTL logic level signal. ….(designed by David A. Johnson)

Convert periodic Waveforms to square Waves - 08/16/01 EDN-Design Ideas: Converting periodic waveforms to square waves is an integral part of extracting a clock signal from data, creating waveform generators, and making timing-pulse generators. Any square-wave-conversion circuit is more valuable when the square wave's duty cycle is variable and controlable. Figure 1 shows a circuit that has these attributes.....(design idea added 1/05)

D-Flip/Flop Oscillators - Yes you can turn flip/flop ICs into low current oscillators. This schematic shows you how. ….(designed by David A. Johnson)

FleaPower Oscillator Consumes only 1 ΅A - 05/21/98 EDN-Design Ideas: (design idea added 3/03)

Gated Oscillator Emulates a Flip Flop - 03/16/95 EDN-Design Ideas: (design idea added 03/03/03)

Harmonic Oscillator - (electronic circuit added 7/03)

Medium Power 125kHz Oscillator - This circuit is similar to CMOS INVERTERS FORM 125KHZ OSCILLATOR but adds more inverters in parallel to deliver yet more power.  The values shown are for 125KHz. ….(designed by David A. Johnson)

Medium Power 125kHz Oscillator-2 - This circuit is similar to MEDIUM POWER 125KHZ OSCILLATOR but adds even more inverters in parallel to deliver yet more power.  The values shown are for 125KHz. ….(designed by David A. Johnson)

Micropower CMOS Oscillator, Draws Only 0.5ua - If truly low power oscillators interest you, this circuit draws a mere 2 microwatts (500nA) from a 6v battery. It uses a very inexpensive C-MOS IC to produce a frequency of 2Hz. However, by changing the component values you can push it to 300Hz. The circuit draws much less current than traditional C-MOS oscillators using a Schmitt trigger inverter. It also produces fast leading edges. However, if you need more drive current, a C-MOS buffer should be included. Published in EDN, September 2, 1993. ….(designed by David A. Johnson)

Oscillator turns on Instantly off Synchronously - 05/23/96 EDN-Design Ideas: (design idea added 3/03)

Precision Ultra Lower Power Oscillator - This circuit works much like the classic 555 timer, but draws only about 1.5 microamps from a 3 volt battery. It is highly stable under varying temperature and supply voltages. ….(designed by David A. Johnson)

Rounding Off' a Square Wave - ASCII format (added 7/03)

Simple 1.5V Square Wave Generator - This simple circuit generates a good and stable 1V peak-to-peak square wave at 100Hz, 1KHz and 10KHz using a single 1.5V cell as power supply. An useful feature of this circuit is that frequency changes can be obtained by switching only one capacitor at a time. Current consumption is about 600΅A. * If a precise 50% duty-cycle is needed, trim R1 and monitor the output wave form by means of an oscilloscope. * A good 500mV peak-to-peak square wave is provided even at 1V supply. ….(electronic schematic added 11/08)

Simple Squarewave Generator - Three switchable frequencies: 100Hz, 1KHz, 10KHz 1.5V battery operated, minimum parts counting  (added 3/05)

Square Wave Modulator has Variable Frequency & Pulse Width - 08/08/02 EDN-Design Ideas: A few years ago, I worked at a disk-drive company. We had a plating facility that required square waves to drive the high-voltage plating operation. The challenge was that the square wave's pulse width had to be variable, along with the duty cycle. Also, the amplitude of the pulses had to be adjustable.....(design idea added 1/05)

Square Wave Oscillator - This project is a piece of test equipment. It's a square wave oscillator with 6 selectable frequencies from 1Hz to 100kHz, incrementing in decade values.  It's most useful application is as a Signal Injector for radios and TV's. A square wave is the most suitable for testing the IF (Intermediate Frequency) strip as the signal will pass through the IF transformers without any attenuation, no matter what....(projected added 05/08)

Square Wave Oscillator (Andy Collinson) - A very basic square wave generator using a CMOS 4011 NAND gate.  (electronic schematic / circuit added 4/02)

Square Wave Oscillator (Seiichi Inoue) - (electronic circuit added 4/05)

Square Wave Oscillator 555 - (electronic circuit added 4/05)

Squarewave Generator - Three switchable frequencies: 100Hz, 1KHz, 10KHz 1.5V battery operated, minimum parts counting  (added 3/05)

SwOpAmp Makes Square Wave Generator - 02/15/96 EDN-Design Ideas: (design idea added 3/03)

Triangle & Square Wave Generator - (circuit / schematic design added 6/06)

Triangle Squarewave Generator - (circuit / schematic design added 6/06)

Very Low Power Astable Multivibrator - This classic circuit draws only 200 nanoamps from a 1.5v supply. ….(designed by David A. Johnson)

Very Low Power Gated Crystal Oscillator - The circuit gates the output of a continuously operating 32KHz crystal oscillator to the input of a C-MOS buffer when clock pulses are needed. The technique gets around the problem of a slow starting crystal oscillator by keeping the oscillator going and switching on a transistor power stage only as needed. The method keeps the standby power consumption to a very low 1uA when used with a 3v supply. ….(designed by David A. Johnson)


 
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